What are Counselling Techniques and Strategies for Children and Adults/ ADULT THERAPY/ Therapeutic techniques/ counselling in 2021/ children counselling techniques

 

Counseling Techniques for Children and Adults 

In this article, we will discuss strategies and techniques for providing counseling to children and adults. 

Counseling 

Counseling is a way of assisting and providing guidance to the individual to come out of the stressful situation 

Effective Ways for  Children Counselling 

Age

Age Definition of Children

Usually, the child is described in the grounds of years. A person is considered a child from birth until the onset of puberty, i.e. the age from birth to 13 years, in the middle child.

Legal Age of Child

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child defines a child as a person under 18 years (UN, 2010).

Signals that the child needs help

According to Dr. Kristen Eastman if a child is not doing well, do not participate in leisure activities, starting to feel bad about him or her,  have a big change in sleeping habits and craving for food, engaging in immoral behavior, picking up the skin or pulling hair, and talking openly about a suicide are a clear signs that parents should show concern for the child and consult with his or her experts (Eastman, 2017).

Objectives for the Treatment of Children

Treatment sessions can focus on five more important goals than any other condition terms:

1. Building a child's self-confidence.

2. To help to develop the child's communication skills.

3. To promote healthy, general development.

4. Creating an appropriate emotional repertoire.

5. Improving a child's emotional vocabulary (Walker, 2014).

Strategies

Art Therapy

Sometimes it is possible for a child to express his or her feelings to others or to give them away name in their feelings, so Art Therapy counselor will find out using the following strategies.

Art therapy  strategies

Clay image. At the beginning of the sessions, the child is not open about their feelings. He may not wants to prove himself to others so through clay image the technical advisor knows about the child's inner feelings. Ask a child to draw a picture and color it. 

The  therapist then asked for a picture from a child such as what they like most, their favorite food, their favorite color, what the world wants you to know about it, and write down the child's answers in the form of poems.

Tell the answers in words to the children.

With this child will have the feeling to accomplish something (to write a complete poem). It will increase a child's self-awareness and can point to emotional feelings. The child can

save a picture that reflects the poem.

Lifeline.

 With this technique, the doctor asks the child to participate in his or her life story. The child represents his or her life story on paper using pictures, words, collages. Therapist will  guide the child by asking questions such as special school events, important family members, names of each family member. 

With such questions, the child will remember some of the traumatic events that encourage and guide the child to express his feelings. He then asked the child about the future size. This approach was promoted by the works of (Bruner, 1965., & Hobday & Ollier,

1998). This will help the Children to have different friends, different habits, and different events for the rest of their life to have a different story. The child will know about him (himself). We will know about the magnitude of the future and it is best to advise the child to keep this paper of life story in her room and when she/ he feels sad look at this story.

The key to magic.

 In this storytelling and art are both involved. The child will ask to think that he has the magic key. It will open one room. enter the castle and find a room to open with it. Imagine that your key is open in the palace room. 

Now keep that in mind you open the door and find something you really like but you can buy it for money. What you see drawn on paper. This method is best for those lost children loved ones or those who have something missing in life and want to accomplish it. The children are express their inner desires, their feelings on paper.

Other Strategies

Systematic downgrade/ desensitization

This is a form of behavioral therapy and is useful for those children who have some form of

fear. It turns the phobia-related anxiety into relaxation.

Storytelling

Storytelling is one of the most effective ways for children to grow. The employee recounts the story to the child first. He then asked the child to raise the issue and encourage and be aware child that he is the hero of their story.

Medical Writing

In this process, the child is given a paper-pencil to write whatever he wants. A counselor can guide a child by giving clues such as writing about your friend, parents, or a single word your loved ones, etc about this child will express his inner feelings.

Playing Games

The counselor plays games with the child to illuminate his or her feelings. With games, a child can learn to control their anger, express emotions, and develop problem-solving skills. Balloons game. Anger is used to an angry child so that he can let go of his anger. Made A game (expressing something that makes a child angry) is used to express sad feelings.

General treatment

It includes a comprehensive assessment of the child and family (VanFleet, 1994). Counselors first have a meeting with parents to get information about the child. The counselor also arranges the play of parents with a child where the doctor has seen the child's interaction with parents and parents behavior in a child.

Effective Ways to Counsel Older People

Adult age

  Most people over the age of 50 are considered adults.

Problems With Aging

More than 50 people may suffer from depression, anxiety, depression, loneliness, and death

anxiety disorder, aging-related anxiety, physical illness, etc.

Counselling Strategies

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
CBT is the most effective method for using older people in the treatment of distress and depression  CBT has positive effects on the treatment of depression and medication. It is mostly suggested for  the well-being of the elderly. The study also found that CBT was also available the most significant effects on the management of health concerns (Stanley, et al, 2003).

Reminiscence Treatment and Life Review
This therapeutic technique is for older adults. This method is used for those people suffering from dementia. In this case, the treatment client is directed to recall memorable events. It is also helpful in treating depression in the elderly. As they review theirs life events they will have feelings of life satisfaction. Focus on past events

Gestalt Treatment (Central Client).
The opposite of Reminiscence Treatment is Gestalt treatment. Focused on it right now the situation and problem of the person. It helps with depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, etc. Its purpose is to see the client about his or her responsibilities and to understand what health is and what is the purpose of his or her life. There is a freehand for the client to express their feelings, share experiences, and mentor or Counselor without judgment will listen to the client
Interpersonal Therapeutic Technique
Used for grief, late depression treatment. Focuses on client and client relationships with others. And its purpose is to build healthy relationships with others.
Psychodynamic Therapy
The purpose of conveying such thoughts is to move from unconsciousness to the level of understanding
which are the cause of disturbance for the client. It also works as a CBT process for treating depression. Free Association is the Psychodynamic Technique explained by Freud
Supportive  counseling
To a helpful support counselor listen closely to the client, give the client advice. This counseling approach focuses on problem-solving and coping strategies. The client directed to participate in pleasurable activities that make you feel comfortable. And instead of negative thoughts with good.
Validity Therapy
This treatment is used for older people with dementia. According to this medical providers, family members or doctors should exercise empathy about The poor person maintains his or her dignity and should be linked to a client. We work with human emotions.
Reality  Healing
This is a therapeutic use to prevent depression in a person with recurring symptoms confirm the name, date, place, and time Its purpose is to retrieve the person who lost contact with the truth. This therapy can be given by caregivers and family members after learning it.

Modality

Both individual therapy and group therapy can be used for the client. In group therapy group members should be of the same characteristics and suffering from the same problem. Group methods are effective in treating loneliness and isolation.